该用户从未签到
|
在文章的浏览(即略读,skimming)过程中,对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助读者快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中,读者可以通过寻找“信号词”来区分重要信息和非重要信息。诚信学习网为大家收集整理了在阅读过程中常见的几类“信号词”,希望对提高大家的阅读有所帮助!& Z- e: b: P" e
1. 以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:3 ]$ J* {5 p) _4 |4 |
- U# f. ]' O9 W& p/ W The main / important point / conclusion / reason…。
' S; ]/ B7 {9 ^9 l
2 I; ~2 o6 Z& N5 M7 S+ z The point to note here…' _* _% i% d( C9 \4 i% l+ s- W
7 L2 e7 j# P3 L$ ?: U
2. 以下词组提示了下文的结构框架:
* E* `8 n" q: b; F
6 J7 I3 W5 o. u/ d* U There are three major reasons…/ l6 b6 z& D" ^; ~
! w' P( j- O: S4 k0 R
3. but 和 however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:9 u$ V. E. K# A) q
2 O$ Y. I* T2 R/ l; h# H# _- F0 } The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate。
* n ~* M- h- P- u* S. [
# E; _; w) ]& L% R) s 4. 在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:9 [- G- B8 D. D8 P
0 C2 w" P1 i7 X' P/ @
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood。
( V& q8 s" [- f' }! L" D3 L0 n
& A- Y7 j; p9 ~) z 5. 有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:
. b2 ]3 M- b5 c* _1 G$ A* h8 e" ]& W2 M
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。# [6 y1 }& c, [7 `
- g# ]7 P: M4 ^& t7 `9 N$ a! |
6. 文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,读者要在文中寻找提示结论的“信号词”,例如:) U7 w ~* x. ]# J5 m
: e/ A6 j$ S) Q( K2 d$ V
Therefore/the result
& w {9 H6 M9 m) p# c4 S$ C' z- h; V, {. S- m; b |3 g
In conclusion/we can conclude
2 J& {# k& k6 ]8 O) |$ m/ G p: D) J# B6 d! ?
One of the primary conclusions1 K+ y- X8 L0 P9 y
+ \5 }8 p- W/ x8 B 7. 举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。* ?4 N) I) ^0 {+ B
0 R3 G5 G) e+ z. O( D- u! i For example/instancelike$ J2 o: g' R+ X0 N6 w6 `4 B
6 `1 Y& f# @ o7 J5 `4 s, E, V
Such as these include: W2 V- E0 ~& a1 N; m$ i' ]
, N5 _( ~# F0 h* D To illustrate among these are5 I* |% G7 |- s/ I' u
7 E- u, `0 A$ T# W' j2 [7 w 有时,作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:( _' n- G, }& C. b
3 h$ E% j* E1 I The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton。
* C! L4 ?/ m! i. d$ J4 U7 N1 D+ J7 S
$ c$ m: p' `5 T0 c Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…1 L7 A2 E7 E' `- A& L ~( X1 I
" i& q" |3 e1 x% @0 F 在段落浏览时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断,例如:
% b! q w) ]+ M Q/ {7 x2 y: `6 Y
c' X$ Y( D0 o/ p; R" p The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria。! m, k0 @- ?$ }7 D
. k/ M* `& }" s" L' l) N5 r Why (提示:问题的答案中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:这里是作者想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。
; C2 ?* v/ p+ N% L( ^. @8 V0 n
" K" K7 E6 h% a7 [5 g |
|