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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。
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8 I9 O: l, ]8 y, s# W4 E. `5 h He sat down to have a rest. (表目的), N v8 K; S8 i$ o! @+ Z( A# |
# @! Q: l$ i0 z- g They went there to visit their teacher.
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他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.
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3 [6 F. v7 h: ] 他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)
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2 x2 z/ D* A* V& p My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.4 @7 H B) M: t$ {3 w
3 h3 q. |; R# E% N9 z1 U 我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)
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& c5 g/ K: L8 z# {, Y 在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:; B% R( o$ s7 ~( t2 z
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I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。* e _- M$ [* V
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。 D* u; V9 {( n* S
; O% [ Y! o2 i& t3 W& c, I 在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.
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4 X- l9 f# l# s5 e: v. F/ p 他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。% G7 R7 r5 i5 z# a
; K; `+ w. c1 s6 j He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。8 U, c" t% s$ D4 r% j& o
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。! H+ D' x1 z5 C
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。% j7 g% y) G C& U
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。& A* a' c. f. N
# h: T( s" {! n/ t( q; y The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
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. L8 x, x8 V$ ~# e To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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% }9 a7 f5 F, u( Q; ^ To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.& X2 G) h; X4 \$ C
) L8 ~' r' o* H$ h' Q6 M To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)7 [+ v! Z$ H) I
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